Abstract
In the article by means of comparative and intertextual methods, and also a method of historical poetics communication between three New Year's poems of the great Russian romantic poet F. I. Tyutchev and traditions of the Russian poetry of the XVIII century (G. R. Derzhavin, A. N. Radishchev, S. S. Bobrov) is revealed. The first New Year's poem by Tyutchev «For the New Year 1816» is directly focused on literature of the previous century and is based on mixture of the «elevated poetry» generalities (sunrise, fatal urn, change of years, accusation of the grandee, etc.). The second poem «For the New Year 1855» belongs to Tyutchev’s political poetry, incorporates historiosophical and visionery motives. The first correlate to the well-known historiosophical A. N. Radishchevʼs ode «18th century». The second respond to Bobrovʼs reading, reflecting as well Tyutchevʼs hobby for spiritualism. Using of emblematic imagery, characteristic of the XVIII century literature noteworthy (a cradle, a brow, an angel, a sword, scythe of death, etc.). Romantic «amendments» to the preromantic solution of future subjects and Destiny consist in refusal to glance behind «veil» of the Unknown. In the third New Year's poem – a quatrain «Happy New Year, with new happiness…» – Tyutchev carries on traditions of «gaming» poetry of literary (sentimental) salons of a boundary of the XVIII–XIX centuries. It is typical secular bagatelle – a touching congratulation to the woman (E. F. Tyutcheva) on behalf of the domestic pet – the dog by nickname Romp. In a New Yearʼs impromptu typically sentimental values and topoi are pressed: devotion and love of relatives, sensitivity, family happiness.
Kewords
F. I. Tyutchev, The New Year (eonic) poetry, Traditions of literature of the XVIII century, Topoi, Historical poetics, Comparative studies, Occasional poetry