DOI 10.52172/2587-6945_2021_16_2_36
Abstract
This article is devoted to the description of the extreme semantics in F. M. Dostoevsky’s novel “The Brothers Karamazov”. The theoretical and methodological basis of the study is the doctrine of the semantic fields of J. Trier, A. V. Bondarko and the ideas of functional linguistics of the scientific grammar school of P.A. Lekant. The purpose of this work is to try to give a brief description of the existence of some lexical linguistic units, constituents of the semantics of extreme in a literary text based on the material of the novel. To achieve this goal, the following tasks were set: 1) to study critics, literary critics, scientists’ comments about F. M. Dostoevsky’s novels and his creative method; 2) to analyze the peculiarities of existence of some constituents of the functional-semantic category of extreme in F. M. Dostoevsky’s novel “The Brothers Karamazov”. The author claims that the constituents of the semantics of the extreme are organized hierarchically and are presented at different linguistic levels of the Russian language. In this paper, only some lexical means of expressing the functional-semantic category of extreme have been studied; such as lexemes край, крайний, крайность and others; phraseological units, including the lexeme крайность; and a combination of particles: хоть, -нибудь and others. It is believed that the syntagmatic "neighborhood" of lexemes хоть + какой-нибудь, хоть + что-нибудь, хоть + как-нибудь, хоть + сколько-нибудь generates the semantics of extreme. The author suggests that the frequent use of constituents of the semantics of extreme is a kind of style-forming feature of F. M. Dostoevsky's work. Indirect evidence of this is the numerous statements of critics, literary critics, scientists, containing the lexeme крайность, which are about F.M. Dostoevsky’s work, his creative method, character, actions of the heroes of the novel “The Brothers Karamazov”. It is indirectly indicates the relevance of our study and confirms its novelty.
Key words
The semantics of extreme, the functional-semantic category of extreme, F. M. Dostoevsky, “The Brothers Karamazov”.